1084 is a great steel suitable for both beginner use and seasoned professionals. A good combination of toughness and wear resistance with ease of forging. This steel can be easily heat treated, also used to give the dark gray color to the damask.
Normalization:
Normalization is a process intended to refine the grain and relieve the stress of the blades before hardening when necessary.
Condursal Z1100, can be used to reduce the surface decarburization and scale.
Recommended time and temperature for variable thicknesses. Once the knife has cooled down and becomes black and magnetic, it can be reinserted back into the oven.
(1st cycle) 1,650°F / 898°C (10-15 min) | (2nd cycle) 1,500°F / 815°C (10-15 min) | (3rd cycle) 1,350°F / 732°C (10-15min) |
Curing:
To reduce fouling or surface decarburization.
Data are representative of temperatures and controlled heat treatment equipment (e.g. oven, salts, etc.).
industry standard quenching.
Suggested quenching oil: Durixol V35
*Austenitization immersion time, varies from 5 to 15 minutes according to heat treatment equipment and cross section--soaking
Times are minimized for forge-to-forge heat-treating people who heat-treat without PID temperature control limits the accurate means of maintaining temperature.
**Do not put the blades in the oven at room temperature, insert them at the austenitizing temperature or just below.
Austenitization temperature | Waiting/dive time | Expected Rc (as extinct) |
1,450 to 1,480°F / 801°C | 5-15 minutes | 64-65 |
Tempering:
Once the blade has undergone austenitization and is at room temperature, the blades must be tempered accordingly, the suggested times are to ensure a uniform and constant temperature .
Note: the final hardness values vary according to the initial hardness in the quenched state and the percentage of conversion into Martensite. Only reliable test methods, e.g. Calibrated Rockwell hardness tester, able to provide real hardness values. Hardness measuring files are relative and inaccurate test methods for reading the true hardness value.
Temper twice for 2 hours.
Temperature: | Hardness (2 hour guideline x2): |
300°F / 149°C | 65 |
350°F / 177°C | 63-64 |
400°F / 204°C | 60-61 |
450°F / 232°C | 57-58 |
500°F / 260°C | 55-56 |
550°F / 288°C | 53-54 |
600°F / 316°C | 52-53 |
650°F / 343°C | 50 |